OWASP LLM Top 10 (2025)
The 10 most critical security risks in large language models, as defined by OWASP — each explained for business leaders.
OWASP — the Open Worldwide Application Security Project — is a globally respected nonprofit that sets the standard for application security. For decades, their "Top 10" lists have shaped how organizations prioritize security investments. In 2023, they released their first Top 10 specifically for Large Language Models, updated in 2025 to reflect how rapidly the threat landscape has evolved. This list is not theoretical — it is built from real-world incidents reported by security researchers, enterprise teams, and penetration testers working with AI systems in production.
Why does this list matter to you as a business leader? Because AI is no longer a pilot project — it is infrastructure. Every LLM your organization deploys, connects to internal data, or exposes to customers carries risk. The OWASP LLM Top 10 gives you a shared vocabulary with your security team, a prioritization framework for AI risk investment, and a checklist against which to evaluate any AI vendor or internal deployment. The ten risks below range from attackers hijacking your AI's behavior to your AI leaking confidential data to runaway costs from uncontrolled usage. Each card links to a full explanation with real-world examples.
Click any card to explore the full explanation with interactive examples, real-world scenarios, and practical defenses — all written for business leaders, not engineers.